{"id":1132,"date":"2014-10-13T19:47:19","date_gmt":"2014-10-13T19:47:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.harpahreins.com\/blogg\/?p=1132"},"modified":"2014-10-28T15:19:18","modified_gmt":"2014-10-28T15:19:18","slug":"visindaleg-rannsokn-a-thunglyndi-karla","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harpahreins.com\/blogg\/2014\/10\/13\/visindaleg-rannsokn-a-thunglyndi-karla\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00edsindaleg ranns\u00f3kn \u00e1 \u00feunglyndi karla"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00cd \u00feessari f\u00e6rslu er raki\u00f0 hvernig a\u00f0fer\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i getur bori\u00f0 v\u00edsindamenn ofurli\u00f0i svo \u00f3m\u00e6ldum t\u00edma, f\u00e9 og fyrirh\u00f6fn er eytt \u00ed verk sem varla er fyrirhafnarinnar vir\u00f0i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Gagnr\u00fdni \u00e1 ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 svi\u00f0i hugv\u00edsinda, f\u00e9lagsv\u00edsinda, ekki hva\u00f0 s\u00edst kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0i, e\u00f0a menntav\u00edsinda byggist oftar en ekki \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fartaki\u00f0 sem ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0urnar eru bygg\u00f0ar \u00e1 s\u00e9 alltof l\u00edti\u00f0 til a\u00f0 draga megi af \u00fev\u00ed \u00e1lyktanir sem eru einhvers vir\u00f0i e\u00f0a a\u00f0 veri\u00f0 s\u00e9 a\u00f0 kl\u00e6\u00f0a auglj\u00f3s sannindi \u00ed fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegan b\u00faning. Gjarna er bent \u00e1 ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 svi\u00f0i raunv\u00edsinda til hli\u00f0sj\u00f3nar og \u00fev\u00ed haldi\u00f0 fram a\u00f0 \u00fear s\u00e9u sko stundu\u00f0 betri vinnubr\u00f6g\u00f0 (sem \u00fe\u00e1 eru k\u00f6llu\u00f0 \u201ev\u00edsindaleg vinnubr\u00f6g\u00f0\u201c).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Fyrir nokkru birtust fr\u00e9ttir af \u00edslenskum lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0ingi, Bjarna Sigur\u00f0ssyni, sem hef\u00f0i, \u00e1samt samstarfsm\u00f6nnum, \u00fer\u00f3a\u00f0 n\u00fdja a\u00f0fer\u00f0 til a\u00f0 greina \u00feunglyndi karla (<a title=\"Bjarni Sigur\u00f0sson og ranns\u00f3kn \u00e1 \u00feunglyndi karla\" href=\"http:\/\/ruv.is\/frett\/throar-nyja-adferd-til-ad-greina-thunglyndi\">R\u00daV 10. 6. 2014<\/a>). \u00cd fr\u00e9ttinni segir a\u00f0 Bjarni og f\u00e9lagar hafi fylgt hugmyndum s\u00ednum eftir me\u00f0 ranns\u00f3kn \u00e1 Su\u00f0urnesjum:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Fimmhundru\u00f0 \u00ferj\u00e1t\u00edu og fj\u00f3rir karlar, af 2000 manna \u00fartaki, t\u00f3ku \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed henni. &#8230;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: small;\"> M\u00e6ld voru horm\u00f3nin cortisol og testosterone hj\u00e1 k\u00f6rlunum. Horm\u00f3nin tengjast hvatv\u00edsi og \u00f6rlyndi sem ekki eru d\u00e6miger\u00f0 \u00feunglyndiseinkenni. \u201eNi\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0urnar eru \u00fe\u00e6r a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 sj\u00e1um \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00feeir sem eru me\u00f0 \u00feunglyndi eru l\u00edklegri til a\u00f0 vera me\u00f0 h\u00e6kka\u00f0 cortisole og testosteron \u00e1 kv\u00f6ldin. \u00deetta eru horm\u00f3n sem eru svona fr\u00e1 n\u00e1tt\u00farunnar hendi eru svona frekar virkjandi og \u00feau eiga a\u00f0 vera mj\u00f6g l\u00e1g \u00e1 kv\u00f6ldin.\u201c<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: small;\"> (<a title=\"Fr\u00e9tt R\u00daV um ranns\u00f3kn \u00e1 \u00feunglyndi karla\" href=\"http:\/\/ruv.is\/frett\/throar-nyja-adferd-til-ad-greina-thunglyndi\">R\u00daV 10. 6. 2014<\/a>.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Ennfremur kemur fram \u00ed fr\u00e9ttinni a\u00f0 tv\u00e6r greinar hafa veri\u00f0 birtar um ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0urnar \u00ed v\u00edsindat\u00edmaritinu <em>Nordic Journal of Psychiatry<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">M\u00e9r t\u00f3kst einungis a\u00f0 komast yfir a\u00f0ra greinina, Saliva cortisol and male depressive syndrome in a community study. The Sudurnesjamenn study, sem birtist \u00ed \u00feessu t\u00edmariti \u00e1ri\u00f0 2013. \u00deessi grein var afar \u00e1hugaver\u00f0 fyrir margra hluta sakir og ver\u00f0ur byrja\u00f0 a\u00f0 fjalla um hana \u00ed \u00feessari f\u00e6rslu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Hin greinin heitir Saliva testosterone and cortisol in male depressive syndrome, a community study: The Sudurnesjamenn Study, og birtist 2014.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">H\u00f6fundar beggja greinanna eru lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0ingurinn Bjarni Sigur\u00f0sson, lyfl\u00e6knirinn Magn\u00fas J\u00f3hannsson, ge\u00f0l\u00e6knarnir Sigur\u00f0ur P\u00e1ll P\u00e1lsson og \u00d3lafur \u00c6varsson og Mar\u00eda \u00d3lafsd\u00f3ttir heimilisl\u00e6knir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Hvorug greinin hefur vaki\u00f0 s\u00e9rstaka athygli \u00ed v\u00edsindaheimum enn sem komi\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed einungis einn v\u00edsindama\u00f0ur hefur vitna\u00f0 \u00ed greinina fr\u00e1 2014 og eina tilvitnunin \u00ed greinina sem \u00e9g las er hj\u00e1 h\u00f6fundunum sj\u00e1lfum sem vitna \u00ed hana \u00ed seinni greininni sinni. Tilvitnanir eru g\u00f3\u00f0ur m\u00e6likvar\u00f0i \u00e1 hvort grein\/ranns\u00f3kn teljist einhvers vir\u00f0i og \u00fev\u00ed tek \u00e9g \u00feetta fram. Raunar reikna \u00e9g me\u00f0 a\u00f0 efnislega s\u00e9u \u00feessar greinar n\u00e1skyldar en oft er \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0an fyrir a\u00f0 efni er margbirt me\u00f0 sm\u00e1vegis tilbrig\u00f0um \u00ed ritr\u00fdndu(m) t\u00edmariti\/t\u00edmaritum s\u00fa a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 f\u00e1 h\u00f6fundarnir margfalt fleiri punkta fyrir greinaskrif \u00ed sl\u00edk t\u00edmarit, sem skiptir miklu m\u00e1li \u00feegar frammista\u00f0a \u00ed starfi e\u00f0a n\u00e1mi er metin.<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/harpahreins.com\/blogg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/negrastrakar.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" \" style=\"border: 1px solid black; margin: 7px 2px;\" alt=\"T\u00edu litlir negrastr\u00e1kar\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/harpahreins.com\/blogg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/negrastrakar.jpg?resize=500%2C281&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">&#8230; en eftir ur\u00f0u n\u00edu \/&#8230; og \u00fe\u00e1 voru eftir \u00e1tta. O.s.fr.<\/p><\/div>\n<h3>Hvernig ur\u00f0u fimmhundru\u00f0 \u00ferj\u00e1t\u00edu og fj\u00f3rir karlar a\u00f0 sj\u00f6 k\u00f6rlum?<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">H\u00e9r ver\u00f0ur ger\u00f0 grein fyrir hvernig r\u00famlega 2.500 karla slembi\u00fartak ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 534 k\u00f6rlum \u00ed ranns\u00f3kn, sem s\u00ed\u00f0an ur\u00f0u a\u00f0 134 k\u00f6rlum \u00ed ranns\u00f3kn sem loks ur\u00f0u 38 karlar \u00ed undirrranns\u00f3kn sem enda\u00f0i me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00e1lyktanir voru dregnar af sv\u00f6run 7 karla \u00ed undirranns\u00f3kninni sem er a\u00f0alefni greinarinnar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ranns\u00f3knin \u00e1 Su\u00f0urnesjam\u00f6nnum h\u00f3fst laust eftir \u00e1ram\u00f3t 2004. Upphaflega var teki\u00f0 slembi\u00fartak \u00far \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0skr\u00e1 2003 \u00fear sem \u00feess var g\u00e6tt a\u00f0 \u00fartaki\u00f0 endurspegla\u00f0i aldursdreifingu karla \u00e1 aldrinum 18-80 \u00e1ra \u00e1 sv\u00e6\u00f0inu. \u00dea\u00f0 reyndust 2.512 karlar. S\u00ed\u00f0an voru dregnir fr\u00e1 d\u00e1nir, brottfluttir, fjarverandi, \u00fatlendingar o.fl. og \u00fe\u00e1 enda\u00f0 \u00ed 2.148 k\u00f6rlum.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00deessum 2.148 k\u00f6rlum var sent br\u00e9f me\u00f0 bei\u00f0ni um \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku \u00ed ranns\u00f3kn. Br\u00e9finu fylgdu spurningalistar, \u00fe.e. Beck \u00feunglyndism\u00e6lirinn og annar m\u00e6lingarlisti, GMDS (Gotland Male Depression Scale), sem menn voru be\u00f0nir a\u00f0 fylla \u00fat. Upphaflegur tilgangur ranns\u00f3knarinnar var nefnilega a\u00f0 kanna hversu g\u00f3\u00f0 fylgni v\u00e6ri milli ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0na \u00feessara spurningalista\/m\u00e6listika og ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0na ge\u00f0l\u00e6knisvi\u00f0tala \u00fear sem ge\u00f0l\u00e6knar bygg\u00f0u \u00e1 DSM-IV (greiningarlykli Amer\u00edsku ge\u00f0l\u00e6knasamtakanna) \u00ed karlah\u00f3pi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00der\u00e1tt fyrir tv\u00e6r skriflegar \u00edtrekanir b\u00e1rust einungis sv\u00f6r fr\u00e1 fj\u00f3r\u00f0ungi \u00feeirra sem fengu br\u00e9fin. <strong>\u00dea\u00f0 voru fimmhundru\u00f0 \u00ferj\u00e1t\u00edu og fj\u00f3rir karlar<\/strong>. (Raunar m\u00e6tti \u00ed \u00feessu sambandi velta fyrir s\u00e9r hvort\u00a0\u00feeir \u00feunglyndustu s\u00e9u ekki einmitt l\u00edklegir til a\u00f0 sleppa \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 svara og \u00fea\u00f0 vekur efasemdir um a\u00f0 s\u00e1 hluti \u00fartaksins sem n\u00e1\u00f0ist \u00ed hafi veri\u00f0 besti h\u00f3purinn til a\u00f0 rannsaka &#8230; en l\u00e1tum svo vera.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><strong>Sext\u00edu og fimm \u00feessara karla s\u00fdndu einhver merki um \u00feunglyndi<\/strong>, skv. spurningalistunum sem \u00feeir fylltu \u00fat. Svo ge\u00f0l\u00e6knarnir tveir t\u00f3ku vi\u00f0t\u00f6l vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1. <strong>Jafnframt var b\u00fainn til sext\u00edu og n\u00edu manna vi\u00f0mi\u00f0unarh\u00f3pur me\u00f0 slembi\u00fartaki \u00far \u00feeim fj\u00f6lda sem s\u00fdndi engin merki \u00feunglyndis<\/strong>. Ge\u00f0l\u00e6knarnir t\u00f6lu\u00f0u l\u00edka vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 (en einhverra hluta vegna skortir \u00e1 ranns\u00f3knaruppl\u00fdsingar um \u00ferj\u00e1 \u00feeirra. \u00dea\u00f0 er ekki sk\u00fdrt n\u00e1nar \u00ed greininni sem \u00e9g las enda \u00e6tla h\u00f6fundarnir a\u00f0 skrifa fleiri greinar um \u00feessa ranns\u00f3kn).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00deegar kom a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 rannsaka kortis\u00f3l og \u00feunglyndi s\u00e9rstaklega var <strong>51 karli bo\u00f0in \u00fe\u00e1tttaka<\/strong>. H\u00fan f\u00f3lst \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 taka munnvatnss\u00fdni fimm sinnum fr\u00e1 morgni til kv\u00f6lds \u00e1 einum degi (kl. 7, 10, 12, 18 og 22), skila s\u00fdnunum og \u201elj\u00faka ge\u00f0l\u00e6knisvi\u00f0tali\u201c. \u00dea\u00f0 er engin sk\u00fdring \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed af hverju akk\u00farat \u00feessum 51 karli var bo\u00f0in \u00fe\u00e1tttaka \u00f6\u00f0rum fremur en af \u00fev\u00ed enn vantar \u00e1 ranns\u00f3knarg\u00f6gn um \u00ferj\u00e1 \u00feeirra \u00f3\u00feunglyndu hlj\u00f3ta \u00feeir a\u00f0 vera \u00far af \u00feessum 134 (65+69) k\u00f6rlum sem var v\u00e6ntanlega bo\u00f0in \u00fe\u00e1tttaka \u00ed a\u00f0alranns\u00f3kninni.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><strong>Fj\u00f6rt\u00edu karlar<\/strong> sinntu \u00feessu hvoru tveggja: Skilu\u00f0u munnvatnss\u00fdnum og m\u00e6ttu \u00ed vi\u00f0tal vi\u00f0 ge\u00f0l\u00e6knana. \u00deegar \u00f6ll g\u00f6gn h\u00f6f\u00f0u veri\u00f0 greind var tveimur \u00far h\u00f3pnum \u00fath\u00fdst, \u00f6\u00f0rum vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 hann nota\u00f0i lyf sem innh\u00e9lt prednis\u00f3l\u00f3n, hinum vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 t\u00f6lfr\u00e6\u00f0ipr\u00f3fun (Grubbs-pr\u00f3f) greindi hann sem ja\u00f0artilvik.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><strong>\u00de\u00e1 voru eftir 38 karlar sem ranns\u00f3knarni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur \u00feessarar undirranns\u00f3knar byggja \u00e1<\/strong>. \u00deeir skiptust \u00ed tvo h\u00f3pa,<strong> 14 \u00feeirra t\u00f6ldu ge\u00f0l\u00e6knarnir vera \u00feunglynda<\/strong> (n\u00e1nar tilteki\u00f0 voru 12 haldnir alvarlegu \u00feunglyndi\/ge\u00f0l\u00e6g\u00f0 og 2 haldnir \u00f3yndi). 24 karlar voru a\u00f0 mati ge\u00f0l\u00e6knanna lausir vi\u00f0 \u00feunglyndi og \u00fev\u00ed heppilegir \u00ed samanbur\u00f0arh\u00f3p.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Engin t\u00f6lfr\u00e6\u00f0ilega markt\u00e6kur munur reyndist \u00e1 magni kortis\u00f3ls \u00ed munnvatnss\u00fdnum \u00feessara 38 karla nema \u00ed s\u00fdnum sem tekin voru kl. 18 og kl. 22. S\u00e1 t\u00f6lfr\u00e6\u00f0ilega markt\u00e6ki munur s\u00e1st a\u00f0eins hj\u00e1 \u00feeim sem ge\u00f0l\u00e6knarnir h\u00f6f\u00f0u greint \u00feunglynda (e\u00f0a me\u00f0 \u00f3yndi) og ekki t\u00f3ku nein ge\u00f0lyf (skv. t\u00f6flu 1 \u00ed greininni voru ge\u00f0lyfin \u00feunglyndislyf \u00ed \u00f6llum tilvikum nema einu). \u00deeir sem \u00feetta \u00e1tti vi\u00f0 voru <strong>n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega<\/strong> <strong>7 karlar<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Svolei\u00f0is a\u00f0 hinar merku ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur greinarinnar um a\u00f0 h\u00e6kka\u00f0 kortis\u00f3l \u00ed munnvatnss\u00fdni sem teki\u00f0 er a\u00f0 kv\u00f6ldi s\u00e9 betri m\u00e6likvar\u00f0i en hef\u00f0bundnar a\u00f0fer\u00f0ir til \u00feess a\u00f0 m\u00e6la \u00feunglyndi karla eru reistar \u00e1 n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega 7 k\u00f6rlum \u00e1 Su\u00f0urnesjum sem tveir ge\u00f0l\u00e6knar m\u00e1tu \u00feunglynda \u00e1 hugl\u00e6gan h\u00e1tt, \u00fe.e. me\u00f0 vi\u00f0t\u00f6lum.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"> Sj\u00e1lfsagt skiptir fj\u00f6ldinn (\u00f6llu heldur f\u00e1menni\u00f0) ekki m\u00e1li \u00ed a\u00f0 ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0an s\u00e9 r\u00e9tt en:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>A\u00f0fer\u00f0in vir\u00f0ist vera \u00ed stuttu m\u00e1li: Finnum nokkra \u00feunglynda karla og g\u00e1um hvort munnvatni\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feeim er \u00f6\u00f0ru v\u00edsi en \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum k\u00f6rlum. \u00deessi a\u00f0fer\u00f0 er varla sl\u00e6m \u00ed sj\u00e1lfri s\u00e9r &#8211; en sennilega hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 finna 7 \u00feunglynda ge\u00f0lyfjalausa karla \u00e1 Su\u00f0urnesjum og nokkra gla\u00f0lynda til hli\u00f0sj\u00f3nar me\u00f0 minni fyrirh\u00f6fn og kostna\u00f0i. Spurning hvort Mjallhv\u00edt hef\u00f0i ekki kl\u00f3ra\u00f0 sig fram \u00far \u00fev\u00ed \u00e1n neinna styrkja &#8230;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><\/b><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Og auk \u00feess eru \u00fea\u00f0 ekki n\u00fdm\u00e6li a\u00f0 rugl \u00e1 kortis\u00f3lb\u00faskap s\u00e9 sk\u00fdr og vel noth\u00e6f greining \u00e1 melank\u00f3l\u00edu. S\u00fa uppg\u00f6tvun var ger\u00f0 1968.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Vi\u00f0t\u00f6l ge\u00f0l\u00e6knanna voru \u201esemi-structured interview\u201c sem bygg\u00f0i \u00e1 vi\u00f0talst\u00e6kni sem notu\u00f0 var til a\u00f0 greina ge\u00f0r\u00e6na sj\u00fakd\u00f3ma og ge\u00f0lyfjanotkun me\u00f0al Gautaborgarb\u00faa \u00e1 n\u00edr\u00e6\u00f0isaldri \u00e1 n\u00edunda \u00e1ratug s\u00ed\u00f0ustu aldar. Um \u00feau, ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur \u00feeirra og tengsl ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0nanna vi\u00f0 algeng m\u00e6lit\u00e6ki \u00e1 \u00feunglyndi (spurningalista) ver\u00f0ur fjalla\u00f0 \u00ed n\u00e6stu f\u00e6rslu(m). S\u00f6mulei\u00f0is ver\u00f0ur eil\u00edti\u00f0 fjalla\u00f0 um fyrri ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 tengslum kortis\u00f3ls vi\u00f0 eina \u00e1kve\u00f0na tegund \u00feunglyndis og velt upp \u00fdmsum spurningum, t.d. af hverju \u00fea\u00f0 tekur n\u00edu \u00e1r og lengur a\u00f0 vinna \u00far ranns\u00f3kn \u00e1 bor\u00f0 vi\u00f0 The Sudurnesjamenn Study og hva\u00f0a \u00e1hrif \u00feessi langi t\u00edmi hefur \u00e1 gildi\/mikilv\u00e6gi ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0na \u00fe\u00e1 loksins \u00fe\u00e6r birtast. Loks ver\u00f0ur bent \u00e1 hvernig villa vir\u00f0ist hafa rata\u00f0 \u00ed greinina af \u00fev\u00ed h\u00f6fundar hafa ekki haft sinnu \u00e1 a\u00f0 lesa frumheimild.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00dea\u00f0 kemur ekki fram hva\u00f0 The Sudurnesjamenn study kosta\u00f0i en h\u00fan var styrkt \u00far \u00feremur sj\u00f3\u00f0um: The Landakot Medical Foundation (sem \u00e9g giska \u00e1 a\u00f0 s\u00e9 Styrktarsj\u00f3\u00f0ur Sj\u00e1lfseignarstofnunar St. J\u00f3sefssp\u00edtala); <a href=\"http:\/\/heimilislaeknar.atta.is\/archives\/432\">V\u00edsindasj\u00f3\u00f0i F\u00e9lags \u00edslenskra heimilisl\u00e6kna<\/a>\u00a0og Minningarsj\u00f3\u00f0i Helgu J\u00f3nsd\u00f3ttur og Sigurli\u00f0a Kristj\u00e1nssonar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Heimild:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Sigurdsson, B., Palsson, S. P., Johannsson, M., Olafsdottir, M., &amp; Aevarsson, O. (2013). Saliva cortisol and male depressive syndrome in a community study. The Sudurnesjamenn study.<em> Nordic journal of psychiatry, 67<\/em>(3), 145-152.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cd \u00feessari f\u00e6rslu er raki\u00f0 hvernig a\u00f0fer\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i getur bori\u00f0 v\u00edsindamenn ofurli\u00f0i svo \u00f3m\u00e6ldum t\u00edma, f\u00e9 og fyrirh\u00f6fn er eytt \u00ed verk sem varla er fyrirhafnarinnar vir\u00f0i. Gagnr\u00fdni \u00e1 ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 svi\u00f0i hugv\u00edsinda, f\u00e9lagsv\u00edsinda, ekki hva\u00f0 <span class=\"ellipsis\">&hellip;<\/span> <span class=\"more-link-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/harpahreins.com\/blogg\/2014\/10\/13\/visindaleg-rannsokn-a-thunglyndi-karla\/\" class=\"more-link\"><span>Read More &#8230;<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[80,82,79,77,81,69,78],"class_list":["post-1132","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gedheilsa","tag-cortisol","tag-gedlaeknar","tag-kortisol","tag-rannsoknir","tag-sudurnesjamenn","tag-thunglyndi","tag-thunglyndi-karla"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/harpahreins.com\/blogg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1132","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/harpahreins.com\/blogg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/harpahreins.com\/blogg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harpahreins.com\/blogg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harpahreins.com\/blogg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1132"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/harpahreins.com\/blogg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1132\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1178,"href":"https:\/\/harpahreins.com\/blogg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1132\/revisions\/1178"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/harpahreins.com\/blogg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1132"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harpahreins.com\/blogg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1132"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harpahreins.com\/blogg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1132"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}